In
cooking, an
electric stove is a
cooker which uses
electricity as a source of
energy.
History
Lloyd Groff Copeman invented the first electric stove in 1896 while working for the Washington Power Company. In 1912 the Copeman Electric Stove Company was established in
Flint, Michigan and produced the Copeman electric stove. Copeman established several electric range patents during this era.
Copeman Electric Stove (also marketed as the "fireless cooker").
Westinghouse Electric Corporation bought the company in 1917, moved production to
Mansfield, Ohio, and continued to develop and improve the stove.
Thomas Ahearn invented the electric cooking range in 1892 and installed one in the Windsor Hotel in
Ottawa. The electric stove was showcased at the
Chicago World's Fair in 1893, where an electrified model kitchen was shown. But like the gas stove, the electrical stove had a slow start, partly due to the unstable technology, and partly because first cities and towns needed to be electrified. By the 1930s, the technology had matured and the electrical stove started to slowly replace the gas stove, especially in domestic kitchens.
Variants
The first technology used
resistive heating
coils which heated iron hotplates, on top of which the pots were placed.
In the 1970s,
glass-ceramic cooktops started to appear. Glass-ceramic has a very low
heat conduction coefficient, but lets
infrared radiation pass very well. Electrical heating coils or infrared
halogen lamps are used as heating elements. Because of its physical characteristics, the cooktop heats quicker, there's less afterheat, and only the plate heats up while the adjacent surface remains cool. Also, these cooktops have a smooth surface and are thus easier to clean, but they only work with flat-bottomed cookware and are markedly more expensive.
A third technology, developed first for professional kitchens, but today also entering the domestic market are
induction stoves. These heat the cookware directly through
electromagnetic induction and thus require pots and pans with
ferromagnetic bottoms. Induction stoves also often have a glass-ceramic surface.
External results
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